Nature of Enclosure

From Crystal Palace in 1851 to Buckminster Fuller's Spaceship Earth in 1969, nature became enclosed. Claimed to be a reaction of Norbert Wiener's cybernetics, Fuller's geodesic domes became symbols of American counterculture. Yet, from Fuller's description of Spaceship Earth 'sea masters,' the dome seems to prioritize an environment of occupation inside the dome, over those residing outside-a world of civilized control on its interior and wilderness, war, and wasteland on the other side.